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Characteristic state function : ウィキペディア英語版
Characteristic state function

The characteristic state function in statistical mechanics refers to a particular relationship between the partition function of an ensemble.
In particular, if the partition function ''P'' satisfies
:P = \exp(- \beta Q) or P = \exp(+ \beta Q)
in which ''Q'' is a thermodynamic quantity, then ''Q'' is known as the "characteristic state function" of the ensemble corresponding to "P". Beta refers to the thermodynamic beta.
== Examples ==

*The microcanonical ensemble satisfies \Omega(U,V,N) = e^ \;\, hence, its characteristic state function is TS.
*The canonical ensemble satisfies Z(T,V,N) = e^ \,\; hence, its characteristic state function is the Helmholtz free energy A.
*The grand canonical ensemble satisfies \mathcal Z(T,V,\mu) = e^ \,\; , so its characteristic state function is the Grand potential \Phi.
*The isothermal-isobaric ensemble satisfies \Delta(N,T,P) = e^ \;\, so its characteristic function is the Gibbs free energy G.
State functions are those which tell about the equilibrium state of a system

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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